Genome Size Evolution Mediated by Gypsy Retrotransposons in Brassicaceae.
10.1016/j.gpb.2018.07.009
- Author:
Shi-Jian ZHANG
1
;
Lei LIU
2
;
Ruolin YANG
3
;
Xiangfeng WANG
4
Author Information
1. Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, School of Sciences, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
3. College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China. Electronic address: desert.ruolin@gmail.com.
4. Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China. Electronic address: sysbio@cau.edu.cn.
- Publication Type:Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Brassicaceae;
Comparative genomics;
Copia retrotransposon;
Genome size evolution;
Gypsy retrotransposon
- MeSH:
Brassicaceae/genetics*;
Evolution, Molecular;
Genome Size;
Genome, Plant;
Genomics;
Phylogeny;
Retroelements;
Species Specificity
- From:
Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics
2020;18(3):321-332
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
The dynamic activity of transposable elements (TEs) contributes to the vast diversity of genome size and architecture among plants. Here, we examined the genomic distribution and transposition activity of long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) in Arabidopsis thaliana (Ath) and three of its relatives, Arabidopsis lyrata (Aly), Eutrema salsugineum (Esa), and Schrenkiella parvula (Spa), in Brassicaceae. Our analyses revealed the distinct evolutionary dynamics of Gypsyretrotransposons, which reflects the different patterns of genome size changes of the four species over the past million years. The rate of Gypsy transposition in Aly is approximately five times more rapid than that of Ath and Esa, suggesting an expanding Aly genome. Gypsy insertions in Esa are strictly confined to pericentromeric heterochromatin and associated with dramatic centromere expansion. In contrast, Gypsy insertions in Spa have been largely suppressed over the last million years, likely as a result of a combination of an inherent molecular mechanism of preferential DNA removal and purifying selection at Gypsy elements. Additionally, species-specific clades of Gypsy elements shaped the distinct genome architectures of Aly and Esa.
