Increased early activation of CD56dimCD16dim/- natural killer cells in immunological non-responders correlates with CD4+ T-cell recovery.
10.1097/CM9.0000000000001262
- Author:
Qiu-Yue ZHANG
1
;
Xin ZHANG
1
;
Bin SU
1
;
Li-Feng LIU
1
;
Xiao-Dong YANG
1
;
Bin TANG
1
;
Huan XIA
2
;
Ping MA
2
;
Tong ZHANG
1
;
Hao WU
1
Author Information
1. Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Nankai University Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
CD4 Lymphocyte Count;
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes;
Case-Control Studies;
HIV Infections/drug therapy*;
HIV-1;
Humans;
Killer Cells, Natural
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2020;133(24):2928-2939
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in suppressing human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection, but knowledge on whether and how NK cells affect immune reconstitution in HIV-1-infected individuals who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is limited.
METHODS:We performed a case-control study with 35 healthy individuals and 66 HIV-1-infected patients including 32 immunological non-responders (INRs) with poor CD4+ T-cell recovery (<500 cells/μL after 4 years of ART) and 34 immunological responders (IRs) with improved CD4+ T-cell recovery (>500 cells/μL after 4 years of ART). NK cell phenotype, receptor repertoire, and early activation in INRs and IRs were investigated by flow cytometry.
RESULTS:A significantly higher proportion of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells was observed in INRs than IRs before ART and after 4 years of ART. The number of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells was inversely correlated with CD4+ T-cell counts in INRs before ART (r = -0.344, P = 0.050). The more CD69-expressing NK cells there were, the lower the CD4+ T-cell counts and ΔCD4, and these correlations were observed in INRs after ART (r = -0.416, P = 0.019; r = -0.509, P = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, CD69-expressing CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells were more abundant in INRs than those in IRs (P = 0.018) after ART, both of which had an inverse association trend towards significance with CD4+ T-cell counts. The expression of the activating receptors NKG2C, NKG2D, and NKp46 on CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cell subsets were higher in IRs than that in INRs after 4 years of ART (all P < 0.01). Strong inverse correlations were observed between CD69 expression and NKG2C, NKG2A-NKG2C+, NKG2D, and NKp46 expression on CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells in INRs after ART (NKG2C: r = -0.491, P = 0.004; NKG2A-NKG2C+: r = -0.434, P = 0.013; NKG2D: r = -0.405, P = 0.021; NKp46: r = -0.457, P = 0.008, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS:INRs had a larger number of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells characterized by higher activation levels than did IRs after ART. The increase in the CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cell subset may play an adverse role in immune reconstitution. Further functional studies of CD56dimCD16dim/- NK cells in INRs are urgently needed to inform targeted interventions to optimize immune recovery.
