Mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and strategies to reverse drug resistance in lung cancer.
10.1097/CM9.0000000000001124
- Author:
Fang-Fei QIAN
1
;
Bao-Hui HAN
Author Information
1. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
- Publication Type:Review
- MeSH:
B7-H1 Antigen;
CTLA-4 Antigen;
Drug Resistance;
Humans;
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors;
Immunotherapy;
Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy*;
Tumor Microenvironment
- From:
Chinese Medical Journal
2020;133(20):2444-2455
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
In recent years, the research of immune checkpoint inhibitors has made a great breakthrough in lung cancer treatment. Currently, a variety of immune checkpoint inhibitors have been applied into clinical practice, including antibodies targeting the programmed cell death-1, programmed cell death-ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, and so on. However, not all patients can benefit from the treatment. Abnormal antigen presentation, functional gene mutation, tumor microenvironment, and other factors can lead to primary or secondary resistance. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and various combination strategies to overcome resistance, in order to expand the beneficial population and enable precision medicine.
