Research progress on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) inhibitors for decreasing blood lipids
10.16438/j.0513-4870.2020-0932
- VernacularTitle:新靶点三磷酸腺苷柠檬酸裂解酶 (ACLY) 抑制剂用于降血脂的研究进展
- Author:
Shi-yu CHEN
1
,
2
;
Wei-hua LAI
1
;
Shi-long ZHONG
1
,
2
,
3
Author Information
1. Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
2. School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Publication Type:Research Article
- Keywords:
ATP citrate lyase;
inhibitor;
blood lipid;
cholesterol;
acetyl-CoA
- From:
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
2021;56(1):80-91
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is a principal cause of morbidity and death in the world. Although drug therapy has made great progress in the past few decades, there are still many deficiencies in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia is still a common risk feature and is not sufficiently controlled. A growing body of evidence suggests that the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease is associated with many associated risk factors, such as higher low-density lipoprotein levels, lower high-density lipoprotein levels and high triglyceride levels. A number of clinical trials in patients with dyslipidemia have shown that actively decreasing low density lipoprotein cholesterol can significantly decrease cardiovascular events. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a cytoplasmic homo-tetrameric enzyme. In the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), ACLY catalyzes the conversion of citric acid and coenzyme A to acetyl-CoA and oxalyl acetate. ACLY is the main enzyme for the production of cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA, and cytoplasmic acetyl-CoA is the precursor required for de novo synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the production of acetyl-CoA and reduce the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides by inhibiting ACLY. ACLY can be used as a molecular target for reducing blood lipids, and there are an increasing number of studies on ACLY inhibitors. In this paper, the structure and mechanism of ACLY and its relationship with lipid metabolism are briefly introduced, and we review some current ACLY inhibitors.
