Analysis of surveillance results of iodine deficiency disorders in Tibet, 2018
10.3760/cma.j.cn231583-20191119-00321
- VernacularTitle:2018年西藏自治区碘缺乏病监测结果分析
- Author:
Cangjue NIMA
1
;
Zhen CI
;
Hongqiang GONG
Author Information
1. 西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心地方病防控所，拉萨 850000
- From:
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2020;39(5):353-357
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To understand the iodine nutritional status of Tibet residents and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in Tibet.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 67 counties (districts) of 7 cities of Tibet. Each county (district) was divided into 5 sampling areas according to its east, west, south, north and middle location, and 1 township (town) was selected from each sampling area. Four administrative villages were selected from each township (town), and 15 household's salt samples were sampled for salt iodine detection. Twenty pregnant women and 1 primary school were selected from each township (town). Forty non-boarding children aged 8-10 years (half male and half female) were selected from each primary school, urine samples were collected for urinary iodine detection. Thyroid volume was also measured in children aged 8 to 10 years in 3 cities.Results:In 2018, the median of salt iodine in Tibet was 25.33 mg/kg (22 136 samples). The coverage rate of iodized salt, the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 97.75% (21 637/22 136), 87.00% (18 824/21 637) and 85.04% (18 824/22 136), respectively. The difference between 7 cities were statistically singnificant ( P < 0.01). Naqu City had the lowest levels [92.03% (2 923/3 176), 69.41% (2 029/2 923), 63.89% (2 029/3 176)]. The median of urinary iodine of 13 516 children aged 8-10 years was 187.0 μg/L. The urinary iodine of boys was 188.6 μg/L, girls was 185.6 μg/L. The median of urinary iodine of 2 920 pregnant women was 165.6 μg/L. The differences in urinary iodine of pregnant women in different pregnancy periods were statistically significant ( H=13.33, P < 0.01). The urinary iodine of pregnant women was the highest in early pregnancy (178.9 μg/L) and the lowest in late pregnancy (162.3 μg/L). The goiter rate of children aged 8-10 years was 1.01% (34/3 364). The goiter rate of children in different cities was different (χ 2=59.28, P < 0.01), and Changdu had the highest (4.25%, 17/400). Conclusions:In 2018, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt among Tibet residents is relatively low, and the comprehensive prevention and control measures of iodine deficiency disorders need to be further strengthened. We should strengthen the monitoring of iodine nutrition level of pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy, strengthen health education and raise the awareness of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders among residents.
