Current prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini infection and associated risk factors in Nakhon Phanom Province, Northeastern Thailand
https://doi.org/10.47665/tb.37.4.986
- Author:
Chuangchaiya, S.
1
;
Navanesan, S.
2
;
Jaichuang, S.
3
;
Rahim, M.A.F.A.
4
;
Idris, Z.M.
4
Author Information
1. Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon Province, 47000, Thailand
2. Secretariat for Medical Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3. Nakhon Phanom Provincial Public Health Office, Muang District, Nakhon Phanom Province, 48000, Thailand
4. Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- From:Tropical Biomedicine
2020;37(No.4):986-999
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini infection is a major public health
concern in Thailand. Despite many decades of national campaigns in place to reduce and
control opisthorchiasis in Thailand, the infections remain to exist particularly in the northern
and northeastern parts of the country. This study aimed to evaluate the current prevalence of
O. viverrini infection in rural communities in northeast Thailand. A cross-sectional survey
was conducted between February and October 2018 in three districts (Na Kae, That Phanom
and Wang Yang) in Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand. Demographic data were collected
using a standardised questionnaire. Stool samples were collected and processed using the
Kato-Katz technique to determine the presence of O. viverrini and other intestinal parasites.
In total, 564 individuals were enrolled. The overall intestinal helminth infections were 15.2%
(95% CI: 12.4–18.5). Species distribution included a majority of O. viverrini mono-infections
(12.9%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (1.4%) and Taenia spp. (0.4%). The prevalence
of O. viverrini was significantly higher in Wang Yang district (P = 0.022), in males (P = 0.004)
and those previously positive with helminth infections (P<0.001) and received treatment of
anti-helminths (P<0.001), than in their counterparts. Multivariate regression analysis revealed
that being male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.77, P = 0.035) and those who previously tested
positive for helminth infections (aOR 8.69, P<0.001) were significantly associated with a
higher odd of O. viverrini infections, but lower in those who had previous stool examination
(aOR 0.22, P = 0.001). This study demonstrated that the updated prevalence of O. viverrini
infection is still high in rural communities in northeast Thailand. The data of this study will be
useful to guide and improve strategies for future O. viverrini and other helminths prevention
and control in this region.
- Full text:8.2020my1183.pdf
