The effect of melatonin on prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: an animal study in rats
10.5125/jkaoms.2020.46.4.266
- Author:
Afshin YADEGARI
1
;
Atousa AMINZADEH
;
Sam SEYYEDKHAMESI
;
Maedeh AMINIAN
Author Information
1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
- Publication Type:ORIGINAL ARTICLE
- From:Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
2020;46(4):266-274
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Objectives:Melatonin induces human stem cells, converts pre-osteoblasts to mature osteoblasts, and reduces the duration of this transition. However, melatonin itself prevents activation of osteoclasts. Here, we evaluate the role of melatonin in prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Materials and Methods:In this experimental-interventional study, 30 rats were evaluated in 3 groups. The first and second groups received saline and zoledronic acid, respectively, for 4 weeks and the third group received 4 weeks of zoledronic acid and 3 weeks of melatonin simultaneously. Firstright-maxillary-molar extraction was performed for all animals, which were sacrificed after 4 weeks of recovery. The extraction sockets were examined histologically for the presence of osteonecrosis, number of osteoclasts and fibroblasts, severity of inflammation, and vascularization. Data were ana-lyzed by chi-square, one-way ANOVA, Tukey, Kruskal–Wallis and Fisher’s exact statistical tests (α=0.05).
Results:Osteonecrosis was observed in 20%, 90%, and 70% of the first, second and third groups, respectively (p=0.008). The lowest number of osteoclasts and fibroblasts was seen in the third group.
Conclusion:Melatonin may effectively prevent some undesirable side effects of bisphosphonates. However, further studies are required to confirm the results of this study.
