Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute respiratory distress syndrome: from basic to clinics.
10.1007/s13238-020-00738-2
- Author:
Hua QIN
1
;
Andong ZHAO
2
Author Information
1. Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853, China. qinh0116@126.com.
2. Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, 100853, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
COVID-19;
SARS-CoV-2;
acute respiratory distress syndrome;
cell therapy;
mesenchymal stem cells;
pneumonia
- MeSH:
Adoptive Transfer;
Alveolar Epithelial Cells;
pathology;
Animals;
Apoptosis;
Betacoronavirus;
Body Fluids;
metabolism;
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes;
immunology;
Clinical Trials as Topic;
Coinfection;
prevention & control;
therapy;
Coronavirus Infections;
complications;
immunology;
Disease Models, Animal;
Endothelial Cells;
pathology;
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation;
Genetic Therapy;
methods;
Genetic Vectors;
administration & dosage;
therapeutic use;
Humans;
Immunity, Innate;
Inflammation Mediators;
metabolism;
Lung;
pathology;
physiopathology;
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation;
methods;
Mesenchymal Stem Cells;
physiology;
Multiple Organ Failure;
etiology;
prevention & control;
Pandemics;
Pneumonia, Viral;
complications;
immunology;
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult;
immunology;
pathology;
therapy;
Translational Medical Research
- From:
Protein & Cell
2020;11(10):707-722
- CountryChina
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has occurred in China and around the world. SARS-CoV-2-infected patients with severe pneumonia rapidly develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and die of multiple organ failure. Despite advances in supportive care approaches, ARDS is still associated with high mortality and morbidity. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy may be an potential alternative strategy for treating ARDS by targeting the various pathophysiological events of ARDS. By releasing a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, MSC can exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, and pro-angiogenic effects, promote bacterial and alveolar fluid clearance, disrupt the pulmonary endothelial and epithelial cell damage, eventually avoiding the lung and distal organ injuries to rescue patients with ARDS. An increasing number of experimental animal studies and early clinical studies verify the safety and efficacy of MSC therapy in ARDS. Since low cell engraftment and survival in lung limit MSC therapeutic potentials, several strategies have been developed to enhance their engraftment in the lung and their intrinsic, therapeutic properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and optimization of MSC therapy in ARDS and highlighted the potentials and possible barriers of MSC therapy for COVID-19 patients with ARDS.
