Replication and transmission mechanisms of highly pathogenic human coronavirus.
10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.06.01
- Author:
Yeyan HE
1
;
Chanying ZHENG
2
Author Information
1. College of Animal Science and Technology·College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
2. Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Animals;
Betacoronavirus;
Coronavirus Infections;
Humans;
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus;
Pandemics;
Pneumonia, Viral;
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
- From:
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences
2020;49(3):324-339
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The three known highly pathogenic human coronaviruses are severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Human highly pathogenic coronaviruses are composed of non-structural proteins, structural proteins, accessory proteins and ribonucleic acid. Viral particles recognize host receptors via spike glycoprotein (S protein), enter host cells by membrane fusion, replicate in host cells through large replication-transcription complexes, and promote proliferation by interfering with and suppressing the host's immune response. Highly pathogenic human coronaviruses are hosted by humans and vertebrates. Viral particles are transmitted through droplets, contact and aerosols or likely through digestive tract, urine, eyes and other routes. This review discusses the mechanisms of replication and transmission of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses providing basis for future studies on interrupting the transmission and pathogenicity of these pathogenic viruses.
