Environmental Risk Factors for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Implications for Clinical Practice.
- Author:
Jae Won KIM
1
Author Information
1. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. adore412@paran.com
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder;
Environmental Risk Factors;
Environmental Toxicants
- MeSH:
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity;
Nicotine;
Polychlorinated Biphenyls;
Risk Factors
- From:Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
2011;22(1):10-15
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
In this review, we have provided an overview of the environmental risk factors for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), focusing on the major environmental toxicants related to the disorder. Researchers have indicated that since the characteristics of ADHD are complex, the disorder's etiology involves multiple genes of moderate effect interacting with environmental factors. The possible roles of prenatal and perinatal exposure have been the main focus of research on environmental risk factors for ADHD. Among environmental toxicants, we reviewed the potential effects on the development of ADHD of exposure to lead, nicotine, alcohol, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dioxin. Further, for the each neurotoxicant, clinical prevention or intervention strategies aimed at reducing a child's risk from environmental toxic insults have been presented.
