The influence of root surface distance to alveolar bone and periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing.
10.5051/jpis.2016.46.5.303
- Author:
Marco MONTEVECCHI
1
;
Annapaola PARRILLI
;
Milena FINI
;
Maria Rosaria GATTO
;
Aurelio MUTTINI
;
Luigi CHECCHI
Author Information
1. Division of Periodontology and Implantology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna School of Dentistry, Bologna, Italy. m.montevecchi@unibo.it
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Bone and bones;
Guided tissue regeneration;
Three-dimensional imaging;
Periodontium;
Research design;
Root resorption
- MeSH:
Adult;
Animals;
Ankylosis;
Bone and Bones;
Guided Tissue Regeneration;
Humans;
Imaging, Three-Dimensional;
Incisor;
Membranes;
Periodontal Ligament*;
Periodontium;
Regeneration;
Research Design;
Root Resorption;
Sus scrofa;
Tooth;
Wound Healing*;
Wounds and Injuries*
- From:Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science
2016;46(5):303-319
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: The purpose of this animal study was to perform a 3-dimensional micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis in order to investigate the influence of root surface distance to the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament on periodontal wound healing after a guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure. METHODS: Three adult Sus scrofa domesticus specimens were used. The study sample included 6 teeth, corresponding to 2 third mandibular incisors from each animal. After coronectomy, a circumferential bone defect was created in each tooth by means of calibrated piezoelectric inserts. The experimental defects had depths of 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm, and 11 mm, with a constant width of 2 mm. One tooth with no defect was used as a control. The defects were covered with a bioresorbable membrane and protected with a flap. After 6 months, the animals were euthanised and tissue blocks were harvested and preserved for micro-CT analysis. RESULTS: New alveolar bone was consistently present in all experimental defects. Signs of root resorption were observed in all samples, with the extent of resorption directly correlated to the vertical extent of the defect; the medial third of the root was the most commonly affected area. Signs of ankylosis were recorded in the defects that were 3 mm and 7 mm in depth. Density and other indicators of bone quality decreased with increasing defect depth. CONCLUSIONS: After a GTR procedure, the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone appeared to compete in periodontal wound healing. Moreover, the observed decrease in bone quality indicators suggests that intrabony defects beyond a critical size cannot be regenerated. This finding may be relevant for the clinical application of periodontal regeneration, since it implies that GTR has a dimensional limit.
