Adverse events of botulinum toxin A in facial injection: Mechanism, prevention and treatment.
10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2019.190069
- Author:
Shuyue CHEN
1
;
Jianhong LONG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Botulinum Toxins, Type A;
Face;
Injections;
Neurotoxins
- From:
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences)
2019;44(7):837-844
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
As a kind of neurotoxin causing muscle paralysis from Clostridium botulinum, the botulinum toxin A is currently used in different clinical aspects, especially in the facial cosmetic. Compared with the traditional surgical methods, the botulinum toxin injection is minimally invasive and safe, favored by more beauty seekers and with better efficacy. However, factors, such as injection dose, operation skills, and anatomical variation, may result in side effects during the operation, including poor injection experience and drug dispersion.
