Proteomic Analysis of Human Adipose Derived Stem Cells during Small Molecule Chemical Stimulated Pre-neuronal Differentiation.
- Author:
Jerran SANTOS
1
;
Bruce K MILTHORPE
;
Benjamin R HERBERT
;
Matthew P PADULA
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Adult Stem Cells; Adipose; Neuronal; Proteomics; Cytokines
- MeSH: Adult Stem Cells; Bone Marrow; Cell Line; Cytokines; Down-Regulation; Glioblastoma; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans*; Lipectomy; Neurons; Phenotype; Proteome; Proteomics; Shock; Stem Cells*
- From:International Journal of Stem Cells 2017;10(2):193-217
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) are acquired from abdominal liposuction yielding a thousand fold more stem cells per millilitre than those from bone marrow. A large research void exists as to whether ADSCs are capable of transdermal differentiation toward neuronal phenotypes. Previous studies have investigated the use of chemical cocktails with varying inconclusive results. METHODS: Human ADSCs were treated with a chemical stimulant, beta-mercaptoethanol, to direct them toward a neuronal-like lineage within 24 hours. Quantitative proteomics using iTRAQ was then performed to ascertain protein abundance differences between ADSCs, beta-mercaptoethanol treated ADSCs and a glioblastoma cell line. RESULTS: The soluble proteome of ADSCs differentiated for 12 hours and 24 hours was significantly different from basal ADSCs and control cells, expressing a number of remodeling, neuroprotective and neuroproliferative proteins. However toward the later time point presented stress and shock related proteins were observed to be up regulated with a large down regulation of structural proteins. Cytokine profiles support a large cellular remodeling shift as well indicating cellular distress. CONCLUSION: The earlier time point indicates an initiation of differentiation. At the latter time point there is a vast loss of cell population during treatment. At 24 hours drastically decreased cytokine profiles and overexpression of stress proteins reveal that exposure to beta-mercaptoethanol beyond 24 hours may not be suitable for clinical application as our results indicate that the cells are in trauma whilst producing neuronal-like morphologies. The shorter treatment time is promising, indicating a reducing agent has fast acting potential to initiate neuronal differentiation of ADSCs.