Analysis of aluminum content in unprocessed grains from different areas of China
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.06.009
- VernacularTitle: 中国未加工粮谷类食品的铝含量调查
- Author:
Xiaodan WANG
1
;
Jiang LIANG
;
Pei CAO
;
Peng GAO
;
Haibin XU
Author Information
1. Division of Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Food analysis;
Cereals;
Aluminum;
Mass spectrometry
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2019;53(6):586-589
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the aluminium content in unprocessed grains from different areas of China.
Methods:From June 2013 to December 2014, nine provinces (Jilin, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu) were selected as sampling areas using stratified random sampling method. Three cities, counties or townships were randomly selected from each sampling area. Grain stations, grain depots, planting areas or farmers′ markets located in non-aluminium mining areas or non-aluminium-involved industrial pollution areas were selected from each sampling area using a purposive sampling method. A total of 470 unprocessed grain samples (500 g per sample) including wheat, rice, corn, millet and soybean were collected from local grain stations, grain depots, planting areas and farmers′ markets. The dried grains samples were analysed for aluminium content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Bootstrap resampling method was applied to calculate the upper bound values of 95%CI of P99 of aluminium contents for each kind of grain, which could be regarded as levels of concern for corresponding categories.
Results:A total of 454 grain samples, including 109 wheat samples, 111 rice samples, 78 corn samples, 69 millet samples and 87 soybean samples, were used for analysis after excluding outlier values. There were 420 positive samples with detected aluminium and the overall detection rate was 92.5%. Among them, the aluminium contents were high in wheat and soybean with median values about 9.59 and 7.12 mg/kg, and maximum values about 31.55 and 28.80 mg/kg, respectively. The median and maximum values of aluminium contents in corn were about 4.65 and 26.79 mg/kg. Aluminium contents were low in rice and millet, with median values about 1.49 and 2.21 mg/kg, and maximum values about 7.56 and 8.07 mg/kg, respectively. Based on Bootstrap resampling method, the upper bound values of 95%CI of P99 of aluminium contents in wheat, soybean, corn, rice and millet were 29.86, 28.80, 26.79, 7.56 and 8.07 mg/kg, respectively, which could be regarded as levels of concern for corresponding grains.
Conclusion:Aluminium has been detected in most unprocessed grains. The accumulation of aluminium varies in different grains species.
