Characteristics of sleep disorder in HIV positive and HIV negative individuals: a cluster analysis

Chenxi Ning; Xiaoxiao Chen; Haijiang Lin; Xiaotong Qiao; Yuanyuan XU; Weiwei Shen; Dan Zhao; Na HE; Yingying Ding

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Characteristics of sleep disorder in HIV positive and HIV negative individuals: a cluster analysis

VernacularTitle: HIV阳性者与HIV阴性对照者睡眠障碍特征的聚类分析
Author: Chenxi NING ¹ ; Xiaoxiao CHEN ² ; Haijiang LIN ² ; Xiaotong QIAO ¹ ; Yuanyuan XU ² ; Weiwei SHEN ² ; Dan ZHAO ¹ ; Na HE ¹ ; Yingying DING ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
2. Taizhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou 318000, China
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: HIV; Subtypes of sleep disorder; Epidemiologic characteristics; Cluster analysis
From: Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2019;40(5):499-504
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Objective:To understand the characteristics of sleep disorder in HIV positive and negative individuals, and compare the distributions and epidemiologic characteristic of different subtypes of sleep disorder between two groups.
Methods:Baseline data were from the prospective cohort study of comparative HIV and aging research in Taizhou of Zhejiang province from January to December, 2017. A total of 459 HIV positive patients and 798 HIV negative controls with sleep disorders (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index >5 or at least one question with answers of "most nights" or "every night" for Jenkins Sleep Scale) were included in the analysis. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify the different subtypes of sleep disorder based on 15 sleep-related questions.
Results:A total of 1 257 participants were divided into three groups (clusters), i.e. difficulty falling asleep and sleep keeping group (cluster 1), the mild symptoms group (cluster 2), and restless night and daytime dysfunction group (cluster 3), accounting for 19.4% (89/459), 63.8% (293/459) and 16.8% (77/459) in HIV positive group and 13.8% (110/798), 60.5% (483/798) and 25.7% (205/798) in HIV negative group (χ²=16.62, P<0.001). In HIV positive group, the patients in cluster 1 and 3 were older and had higher frailty score, the patients in cluster 1 had highest level of depression, and the more patients in cluster 3 had low body weight or overweight (χ²=13.29, P=0.039; χ²=23.33, P<0.001; χ²=25.71, P<0.001; χ²=15.37, P=0.004). In HIV-negative group, similar findings were found for age, depressive symptoms and frailty score. In addition, the proportion of those who were illiteracy or with primary school education level was significantly high in cluster 1, and the proportion of abnormal waist-to-hip ratio was significantly higher in cluster 1 and 3 (χ²=30.59, P<0.001; χ²=11.61, P=0.003).
Conclusions:The proportion of every subtype of sleep disorder in HIV positive individuals were different to those in HIV negative individuals. Mental and physical health status were the main factors affecting the prevalence of sleep disorder. It is necessary to conduct targeted interventions to improve sleep quality.