Biotransformation of Natural Saponins
10.13422/j.cnki.syfjx.20190815
- VernacularTitle: 天然产物皂苷类化合物生物转化的研究进展
- Author:
Zhong-liu ZHOU
1
;
Chun-yan LI
1
;
Lin-hao CHEN
1
;
Ya-lin YANG
1
;
Wen-qing YIN
2
;
Bin LIU
3
Author Information
1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
2. School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
3. School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
- Publication Type:Research Article
- Keywords:
saponins;
biotransformation;
transformation technique;
transformation approach
- From:
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
2019;25(16):173-192
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Saponin is a kind of complex compounds with triterpenoid or spiral aglycones.Natural saponins are used as substrates,and many novel compounds are obtained by biotransformation technology. Especially, converted products of saponins with strong activities provide valuable lead compounds for the research and development of new drugs. Saponins can be divided into triterpenoid saponin and steroidal saponin according to the structure of the mother nucleus. There are about 89 reported saponin components,including 56 triterpenoid saponins and 33 steroidal saponins. Biological enzyme catalysis,microbial transformation and intestinal microflora transformation are the main bioconversion technologies and key development directions of saponins. The research and optimization technology of biological enzyme and microbial transformation of saponins are the effective methods to prepare active secondary saponins. The biotransformation reaction of saponins mainly includes hydrolysis,redox and rearrangement,resulting in the formation of aglycones,secondary glycosides and their derivatives. The hydrolysis of saponin sugar chains was the main biological transformation pathway, and could generate a number of secondary saponins with less glycosyl groups. The secondary saponins could be absorbed into blood and become real active ingredients in body. Preparation of rare secondary saponins,discovery of lead compounds and development of new drugs are the main directions of biotransformation of saponins. The studies on the metabolism and mechanism of natural saponins by microbial and intestinal microbial biotransformation will also become hotspots. According to relevant papers at home and abroad,the researches on transformation technique,transformation approach and transformation reaction of saponins from natural products in the past thirty years were summarized, and the prospects of research and development were also analyzed to provide scientific basis for further study and comprehensive utilization of these conversion products.
