A retrospective cohort study of long-term nitrogen dioxide exposure and incident hypertension
10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.09.010
- VernacularTitle: 二氧化氮长期暴露对高血压发病影响的回顾性队列研究
- Author:
Yaoyan LI
1
;
Chaokang LI
1
;
Anqi SHAN
1
;
Liwen ZHANG
1
;
Xi CHEN
1
;
Guanghui DONG
2
;
Yamin LIU
3
;
Jie CHEN
4
;
Tong WANG
5
;
Baoxin ZHAO
6
;
Naijun TANG
1
Author Information
1. School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University/Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
2. School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
3. School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
4. School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
5. School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
6. Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Hypertension;
Cohort studies;
Nitrogen dioxide
- From:
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
2019;53(9):919-924
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective:To investigate the effect of long-term exposure of nitrogen dioxide on the incidence of hypertension.
Methods:From March to December 2009, 37 386 eligible residents from four cities in northern China (Tianjin, Shenyang, Taiyuan, and Rizhao) were enrolled in a follow-up study by using the random cluster sampling method. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle, history of diseases, and self-report situation of hypertension were collected by using questionnaire. Based on the average annual concentration of NO2 during the period from the cohort to the onset of hypertension as an estimate of exposure, the effect of NO2 exposure on hypertension was analyzed by employing Cox proportional hazards model. The interactions between NO2 exposure and different characteristics (age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, economy, exercise, and fruit intake) were also examined.
Results:The baseline age of residents was (43.74±13.78) years, and the body mass index (BMI) was (22.56±2.92) kg/m2. During an average follow-up time of 11.40 years, 2 619 (7.0%) new cases of hypertension were reported. The overall mean environmental pollution levels during the study period for the entire cohort was (40.74±17.07) μg/m3. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, family history of hypertension, socio-economic information, and lifestyle, the hazard ratio (HR) of incident hypertension with a 10 μg/m3 increase of NO2 was 1.21 (95%CI: 1.18-1.25). Compared with residents aged 60 years and over (HR=1.19, 95%CI: 1.14-1.26), former and current smoking (HR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.14-1.25), and high-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.13-1.21), residents younger than 60 years (HR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.25-1.32), non-smoker (HR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.19-1.27), and low-frequency fruit consumption (HR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.20-1.35) had stronger interaction effect with NO2 (all P values for interaction<0.05).
Conclusion:NO2 exposure may lead to the onset of hypertension, which has a stronger effect on people younger than 60 years old, without smoking history and with low-frequency fruit consumption.
