Role of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and TGF-β1 signaling pathway on the pathophysiology of respiratory pneumococcal infections
10.12701/yujm.2017.34.2.149
- Author:
Maria Jose ANDRADE
1
;
Jae Hyang LIM
Author Information
1. Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. jlim19@ewha.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
TGF-beta1;
Pneumococcus;
Inflammation;
Fibrosis
- MeSH:
Cause of Death;
Communicable Diseases;
Cytokines;
Fibrosis;
Hand;
Humans;
Inflammation;
Mortality;
Pneumococcal Infections;
Pneumonia;
Streptococcus pneumoniae;
Transforming Growth Factor beta1;
Transforming Growth Factors
- From:Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine
2017;34(2):149-160
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcus, is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP is an important infectious disease with high morbidity and mortality, and it is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Many genetic factors of the host and various environmental factors surrounding it have been studied as important determinants of the pathophysiology and outcomes of pneumococcal infections. Various cytokines, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, are involved in different stages of the progression of pneumococcal infection. TGF-β1 is a cytokine that regulates a wide range of cellular and physiological functions, including immune and inflammatory responses. This cytokine has long been known as an anti-inflammatory cytokine that is critical to preventing the progression of an acute infection to a chronic condition. On the other hand, recent studies have unveiled the diverse roles of TGF-β1 on different stages of pneumococcal infections other than mitigating inflammation. This review summarizes the recent findings of the role of TGF-β1 on the pathophysiology of pneumococcal infections, which is fundamental to developing novel therapeutic strategies for such infections in immune-compromised patients.
