Analysis of the types of eating behavior affecting the nutrition of preschool children: using the Dietary Behavior Test (DBT) and the Nutrition Quotient (NQ)
10.4163/jnh.2019.52.6.604
- Author:
Hyeon Mi SIM
1
;
Youngshin HAN
;
Kyung A LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Food and Nutrition, Deagu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea. yika0108@cu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
dietary behaving test;
nutrition quotient;
eating behavior;
preschool children
- MeSH:
Behavior Rating Scale;
Child;
Child, Preschool;
Eating;
Education;
Feeding Behavior;
Fruit;
Gyeongsangbuk-do;
Humans;
Nutritional Status;
Temperament;
Vegetables;
Whole Grains
- From:Journal of Nutrition and Health
2019;52(6):604-617
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of eating behavior on nutritional status according to temperament type.METHODS: One thousand one hundred three preschool children aged 2 to 6 years in Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do from April to June 2018 were surveyed about their eating behavior and nutritional status using DBT (Dietary Behavior Test) and NQ (Nutrition Quotient) which are proven tests. The dietary behaviors of the children were classified into four categories: approach avoidance, sensory sensitivity, hyperactivity, and irregularity. NQ scores were divided into five categories: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice.RESULTS: The mean of the children's age was 3.42 ± 1.4 (596 boys and 507 girls). The percentage distribution of the NQ grade was as follows: 5.5% (highest), 12.5% (high), 47.1% (medium), 22.2% (low), and 12.6% (lowest). The risk group of approach avoidance and sensory sensitivity had significantly (p < 0.001) lower scores than the normal group in balance factor (51.9 ± 12.0 vs. 57.8 ± 15.9 in approach avoidance type, 52.6 ± 17.6 vs. 57.7 ± 15.9 in sensory sensitivity type) and diversity factor (32.5 ± 24.4 vs. 50.1 ± 22.4 in approach avoidance type, and 32.5 ± 24.0 vs. 50.7 ± 22.2 in sensory sensitivity type). The scores of the hyperactivity risk group were significantly lower in moderation factor (78.2 ± 12.1 vs. 81.2 ± 11.9), and those of the irregular risk group were significantly lower in variety (35.9 ± 24.5 vs. 48.8 ± 23.2), regularity (57.6 ± 37.1 vs. 66.1 ± 17.6), and practice (57.1 ± 19.4 vs. 65.1 ± 22.5) factors than the normal group (p < 0.001). Especially, the risk group of approach avoidance and sensitivity type had significantly (p < 0.001) lower intakes of whole grain, fruit, bean and bean products, vegetables, and Kimchi.CONCLUSION: This present study suggested that the eating behavior based on temperament of demanding preschool children affected food choice resulting in food consumption diversity of children. Therefore, it is important to provide customized nutrition education programs based on temperament type.
