Survival Time and Prognostic Factors of Mortality among Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in North-East Peninsular Malaysia

Hamiza Ngah; Suhaily Mohd Hairon; Najib Majdi Yaacob; Haniah Yusoff

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Survival Time and Prognostic Factors of Mortality among Patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in North-East Peninsular Malaysia

Author: Hamiza Ngah ¹ ; Suhaily Mohd Hairon ¹ ; Najib Majdi Yaacob ^{2
,

3} ; Haniah Yusoff ⁴
Author Information

1. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
2. Unit of Biostatistics &
3. Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
4. HIV/STI/Hep C Unit, Kelantan State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Keywords; HIV/AIDS, median survival time, survival rate, prognostic factors
From:Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2019;26(4):70-78
CountryMalaysia
Language:English
Abstract: Background: Death resulting from the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a worldwide concern. This study is aimed at determining the overall median survival time, and the prognostic factors of mortality among AIDS-infected patients in North-East Peninsular Malaysia. Methods: In 2018, a retrospective cohort study stretching from January to April was conducted. This study involved a review of data obtained from the National AIDS Registry. A total of 1,073 AIDS cases diagnosed from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014 were selected, and followup procedures were conducted until 31 March 2015 (a 3-month follow-up). The Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox’s proportional hazard regression were used for data analyses. Results: 564 (52.5%) patients died due to AIDS, while the remaining 509 (47.4%) were censored. The overall median survival time was 11 months. The probability of survival in 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, 4-year and 5-year periods were 49.1%, 47.8%, 47.3%, 47.0% and 46.7%, respectively. Multiple Cox regression revealed that the significant prognostic factors were age 30– 49 years [adjusted hazard ratio (Adj. HR) 1.57; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.16; P = 0.006], male (Adj. HR 1.39; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.79; P = 0.012), unemployed (Adj. HR 1.40; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.75; P = 0.003) and HIV-TB co-infection (Adj. HR 1.78; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.31; P < 0.001). Conclusion: The overall median survival time among AIDS patients in North-East Peninsular Malaysia was revealed to be short, in comparison to the other studies. The chances for survival can be improved with more emphasis on early detection (to ensure early treatment) and social support, particularly for HIV-TB co-infected patients, as well as for younger and unemployed patients.
Full text:3.2019my0801.pdf