Hospital-based screening to detect patients with cadmium nephropathy in cadmium-polluted areas in Japan.
10.1186/s12199-019-0762-3
- Author:
Toru SASAKI
1
;
Hyogo HORIGUCHI
2
;
Akira ARAKAWA
3
;
Etsuko OGUMA
4
;
Atsushi KOMATSUDA
5
;
Kenichi SAWADA
5
;
Katsuyuki MURATA
6
;
Kazuhito YOKOYAMA
7
;
Takehisa MATSUKAWA
7
;
Momoko CHIBA
7
;
Yuki OMORI
4
;
Norihiro KAMIKOMAKI
1
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Akita Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safe, Akita, 018-5604, Japan.
2. Department of Hygiene, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 010-8543, Japan. hhyogo@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp.
3. Kosaka-machi Clinic, Akita, 017-0202, Japan.
4. Department of Hygiene, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 010-8543, Japan.
5. Department of Hematology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
6. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
7. Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Cadmium;
Hospital;
Nephropathy;
Screening;
ß2-microglobulin
- MeSH:
Aged;
Aged, 80 and over;
Cadmium;
adverse effects;
urine;
Cadmium Poisoning;
blood;
complications;
urine;
Creatinine;
urine;
Environmental Exposure;
adverse effects;
Environmental Monitoring;
Environmental Pollutants;
adverse effects;
urine;
Female;
Hospitals;
Humans;
Japan;
Kidney Diseases;
chemically induced;
urine;
Male;
Middle Aged;
Sex Distribution
- From:Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
2019;24(1):8-8
- CountryJapan
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In health examinations for local inhabitants in cadmium-polluted areas, only healthy people are investigated, suggesting that patients with severe cadmium nephropathy or itai-itai disease may be overlooked. Therefore, we performed hospital-based screening to detect patients with cadmium nephropathy in two core medical institutes in cadmium-polluted areas in Akita prefecture, Japan.
METHODS:Subjects for this screening were selected from patients aged 60 years or older with elevated serum creatinine levels and no definite renal diseases. We enrolled 35 subjects from a hospital in Odate city and 22 from a clinic in Kosaka town. Urinary ß-microglobulin and blood and urinary cadmium levels were measured.
RESULTS:The criteria for renal tubular dysfunction and the over-accumulation of cadmium were set as a urinary ß-microglobulin level higher than 10,000 μg/g cr. and a blood cadmium level higher than 6 μg/L or urinary cadmium level higher than 10 μg/g cr., respectively. Subjects who fulfilled both criteria were diagnosed with cadmium nephropathy. Six out of 57 patients (10.5% of all subjects) had cadmium nephropathy.
CONCLUSIONS:This hospital-based screening is a very effective strategy for detecting patients with cadmium nephropathy in cadmium-polluted areas, playing a complementary role in health examinations for local inhabitants.
REGISTRATION NUMBER:No. 6, date of registration: 6 June, 2010 (Akita Rosai Hospital), and No. 1117, date of registration: 26 December, 2013 (Akita University).
