Association between exposure to household smoking and dental caries in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.
10.1186/s12199-019-0764-1
- Author:
Yuko GOTO
1
;
Keiko WADA
2
;
Kie KONISHI
3
;
Takahiro UJI
2
;
Sachi KODA
2
;
Fumi MIZUTA
2
;
Michiyo YAMAKAWA
2
;
Kaori WATANABE
4
;
Kyoko ANDO
4
;
Jun UEYAMA
5
;
Takaaki KONDO
5
;
Chisato NAGATA
2
Author Information
1. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. u2111015@edu.gifu-u.ac.jp.
2. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
3. Department of Health and Welfare, Tokai Gakuin University, Gifu, Japan.
4. Department of Life and Culture, Aichi Bunkyo Women's College, Inazawa, Aichi, Japan.
5. Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Cross-sectional studies;
Dental caries;
Preschool children;
Tobacco smoke;
Urinary cotinine
- MeSH:
Child;
Child, Preschool;
Cotinine;
urine;
Cross-Sectional Studies;
Dental Caries;
epidemiology;
etiology;
Female;
Humans;
Japan;
epidemiology;
Logistic Models;
Male;
Maternal Exposure;
adverse effects;
Parents;
Paternal Exposure;
adverse effects;
Risk Factors;
Surveys and Questionnaires;
Tobacco Smoke Pollution;
adverse effects;
Tobacco Smoking;
adverse effects;
epidemiology
- From:Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
2019;24(1):9-9
- CountryJapan
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND:We aimed to examine the association of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke with dental caries among preschool children. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was assessed in terms of urinary cotinine concentrations and pack-years of exposure to smoking by parents and other family members at home.
METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 405 preschool children aged 3-6 years from two preschools in Japan in 2006. Information on the smoking habits of family members living with the child was obtained from parent-administered questionnaires. Dental examination was conducted to assess dental caries, that is, decayed and/or filled teeth. Urinary cotinine levels were measured using first-void morning urine samples.
RESULTS:Overall, 31.1% of the children had dental caries, and 29.5% had decayed teeth. Exposure to current maternal and paternal smoking was positively associated with the presence of dental caries after controlling for covariates. More than three pack-years of exposure to maternal smoking and more than five pack-years of exposure to smoking by all family members were significantly associated with the presence of dental caries as compared with no exposure (odds ratio [OR] = 5.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.17-14.22, P for trend < 0.001 and OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.12-3.58, P for trend = 0.004, respectively). These exposure variables were similarly associated with the presence of decayed teeth (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.23-6.96, P for trend = 0.01 and OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 0.96-3.20, P for trend = 0.03, respectively). As compared with lowest tertile of the urinary cotinine level, the highest tertile of the urinary cotinine level was significantly associated with the presence of dental caries as well as decayed teeth; the ORs for the highest vs. lowest tertile of urinary cotinine levels were 3.10 (95% CI = 1.71-5.63, P for trend = 0.012) and 2.02 (95% CI = 1.10-3.70, P for trend = 0.10), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that exposure to tobacco smoke may have a dose-dependent influence on the development of caries.
