Clinical features of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and related recurrence factors.
- Author:
Jin RUAN
1
;
Min CHENG
;
Xiu-Juan LI
Author Information
1. Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China. 10540527732@qq.com.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Child;
Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated;
Humans;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging;
Prognosis;
Recurrence;
Retrospective Studies
- From:
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
2019;21(3):223-228
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To study the clinical features of children with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and related recurrence factors.
METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data and prognosis of 73 children with ADEM who were hospitalized from November 2011 to January 2017.
RESULTS:Among the 73 children, 41 (56%) had a history of infection before onset and 7 (10%) had a history of vaccination. All children had the symptoms of encephalopathy, including disturbance of consciousness in 47 children (64%) and mental and behavioral disorders in 54 children (74%). Pyrexia was observed in 53 children (73%), dyskinesia in 47 children (64%), headache in 47 children (64%) and vomiting in 40 children (55%). Brain MRI was performed for 65 children and the results showed involvement of the subcortical white matter (83%, 54/65), the deep nuclei (60%, 39/65), the brain stem (58%, 38/65) and the cerebellum (42%, 27/65). Spinal cord involvement was observed in 20 children (20/43, 47%). A total of 15 children experienced recurrence during follow-up. Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had significantly higher percentages of children with deep nucleus involvement (P<0.05), with injury in ≥3 spinal segments (P<0.01) and with a time from disease onset to gamma-globulin/hormone treatment of >2 weeks (P<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:ADEM in children have various clinical manifestations. A small number of children may experience recurrence. Deep nucleus involvement on MRI, long spinal segmental injury (≥3 segments) and late treatment with gamma-globulin/hormone (>2 weeks) may be associated with the recurrence of ADEM.
