Concentrations of Blood Vitamin A, C, E, Coenzyme Q10 and Urine Cotinine Related to Cigarette Smoking Exposure.
10.3343/kjlm.2009.29.1.10
- Author:
Sean Mi SONG
1
;
Yong Sun PARK
;
Anna LEE
;
Yong Gon CHO
;
Dal Sik KIM
;
Hye Soo LEE
;
Sam Im CHOI
;
Kyoung Ryul LEE
Author Information
1. Seoul Clinical Laboratories, Seoul, Korea. drssm@scllab.co.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Comparative Study ; English Abstract
- Keywords:
Antioxidants;
Vitamin C;
Cotinine;
Passive smoking;
Smoking
- MeSH:
Adult;
Ascorbic Acid/*blood;
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid;
Cotinine/*urine;
Female;
Humans;
Male;
*Smoking;
Tandem Mass Spectrometry;
Tobacco Smoke Pollution;
Tocopherols/*blood;
Ubiquinone/*blood;
Vitamin A/*blood
- From:The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine
2009;29(1):10-16
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: In smokers, smoking causes many disease entities including cancers, chronic pulmonary diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Passive smoking is also accepted as a carcinogen and its adverse health effects are emphasized. We measured blood vitamin A, C, E (alpha-, beta- and gamma-tocopherol), coenzyme Q10 and urine cotinine concentrations in nonsmokers and smokers. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy nonsmokers and 24 healthy smokers were included in this study. Smoking status was assessed with a self-reported questionnaire. Plasma was analyzed for coenzyme Q10 and serum for vitamin A, C, E using HPLC (Agilent Technologies Inc., USA) and random urine for cotinine using LC/tandem mass spectrometry (Applied Biosystems Inc., Canada). RESULTS: Smokers had significantly lower serum concentrations of vitamin C than nonsmokers (P=0.0005). No significant differences in concentrations of serum vitamin A, E, and plasma coenzyme Q10 were observed. Smokers had highly elevated urine cotinine levels (1,454+/-903 ng/mL). In 16 (76.2%) of 21 nonsmokers, urine cotinine was detected (3.25+/-4.08 ng/mL). The correlations between urine cotinine and blood antioxidants levels were not found. Neither, the correlation between smoking status and blood antioxidants & urine cotinine was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that smokers had significantly lower vitamin C levels among nonenzymatic antioxidants, namely, vitamin A, C, E and coenzyme Q10. High detection rate of urine cotinine in nonsmokers show the seriousness of passive smoking exposure, therefore more social efforts should be directed to reduce passive smoking exposure.
