Assessment of stem cell viability in the initial healing period in rabbits with a cranial bone defect according to the type and form of scaffold
10.5051/jpis.2019.49.4.258
- Author:
Seung Hwan KANG
1
;
Jun Beom PARK
;
InSoo KIM
;
Won LEE
;
Heesung KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Dental Implantology, The Catholic University of Korea Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, Seoul, Korea. omskim@catholic.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Bone transplantation;
Cell survival;
Membranes;
Stem cells;
Tissue scaffolds
- MeSH:
Bone Regeneration;
Bone Transplantation;
Cell Movement;
Cell Survival;
Collagen;
Collagen Type I;
Humans;
Membranes;
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells;
Periosteum;
Rabbits;
Space Maintenance, Orthodontic;
Stem Cells;
Survival Rate;
Tissue Scaffolds;
Transplants
- From:Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science
2019;49(4):258-267
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Increased bone regeneration has been achieved through the use of stem cells in combination with graft material. However, the survival of transplanted stem cells remains a major concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viability of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at an early time point (24 hours) based on the type and form of the scaffold used, including type I collagen membrane and synthetic bone. METHODS: The stem cells were obtained from the periosteum of the otherwise healthy dental patients. Four symmetrical circular defects measuring 6 mm in diameter were made in New Zealand white rabbits using a trephine drill. The defects were grafted with 1) synthetic bone (β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite [β-TCP/HA]) and 1×105 MSCs, 2) collagen membrane and 1×105 MSCs, 3) β-TCP/HA+collagen membrane and 1×105 MSCs, or 4) β-TCP/HA, a chipped collagen membrane and 1×105 MSCs. Cellular viability and the cell migration rate were analyzed. RESULTS: Cells were easily separated from the collagen membrane, but not from synthetic bone. The number of stem cells attached to synthetic bone in groups 1, 3, and 4 seemed to be similar. Cellular viability in group 2 was significantly higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). The cell migration rate was highest in group 2, but this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that stem cells can be applied when a membrane is used as a scaffold under no or minimal pressure. When space maintenance is needed, stem cells can be loaded onto synthetic bone with a chipped membrane to enhance the survival rate.
