The food and nutrient intakes from daily processed food in Korean adults: based on the 6(th) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2013 ~ 2015)
10.4163/jnh.2019.52.5.422
- Author:
Ae Wha HA
1
;
Woo Kyoung KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Natural Nutraceuticals Industrization Research Center, Dankook University, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
processed food;
food group;
nutrient;
food source;
intake
- MeSH:
Adult;
Beer;
Beverages;
Bread;
Carbohydrates;
Classification;
Dairy Products;
Dietary Fiber;
Eating;
Edible Grain;
Education;
Energy Intake;
Female;
Fruit;
Humans;
Iron;
Korea;
Male;
Milk;
Nutrition Surveys;
Recommended Dietary Allowances;
Sodium;
Vegetables;
Vitamin A;
Vitamins
- From:Journal of Nutrition and Health
2019;52(5):422-434
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: The consumption of processed foods has recently been increasing due to changes in the living environment. The purpose of this study was to identify the contribution of processed food to the nutrient intake of adult Koreans. METHODS: A total of 15,760 adult people in the 6(th) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013 ~ 2015) were included in this study. According to the Korea Food and Drug Administration's classification criteria for processed foods, the 24 hour dietary recall data of the subjects were classified as processed food or natural food. The processed food intake, nutrient intake and major processed food sources by food groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Men consumed more processed foods than did the women. Consumption of processed foods decreased with age, but it increased with the education level and the income level. The total daily processed food intake accounted for 68.1% of the total food intake. The food groups with high processed food intake were beverage, vegetables, cereals and grain products, fruits, and milk and dairy products in this order. The top food source of each food groups were beer, kimchi, bread, processed apple products, and milk. After adjusting for age, gender, and energy intake, all the nutrient intakes and percentage of dietary reference intakes for Koreans, except carbohydrates, were significantly higher in processed foods than in natural foods. The sodium intake from the processed food was 96.3% of total daily sodium intake. The intakes of nutrients from processed foods, excluding vitamins C, dietary fiber, iron, and vitamin A, were higher in men than in women. The intake of sodium from processed foods was highest for people of 30 ~ 49 years of age, and the intake of sodium from processed foods decreased for people over 50. CONCLUSION: Korean adults consumed more processed food than the natural food, consuming more calories and most of the nutrients from the processed food overall total daily intakes. The intake of processed foods is expected to further increase in the future, and nutritional education and research on the ingestion and selection of healthy processed foods are necessary.
