Tetrabromobisphenol A Promotes the Osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 Cells Induced by Receptor Activator of NF-kappa B Ligand In Vitro
10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e267
- Author:
So Young PARK
1
;
Eun Mi CHOI
;
Kwang Sik SUH
;
Hyun Sook KIM
;
Sang Ouk CHIN
;
Sang Youl RHEE
;
Deog Yoon KIM
;
Seungjoon OH
;
Suk CHON
Author Information
1. Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. imdrjs@khu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Mitochondrial Function;
RAW264.7 Cells;
Tetrabromobisphenol A;
Osteoclastogenesis
- MeSH:
Acid Phosphatase;
Carbonic Anhydrase II;
Cathepsin K;
Chloride Channels;
Cytoplasm;
Gene Expression;
In Vitro Techniques;
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9;
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial;
Metabolism;
Osteoclasts;
Phosphotransferases;
RANK Ligand;
Reactive Oxygen Species;
Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B;
Superoxides;
T-Lymphocytes
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2019;34(41):e267-
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), one of the most widely used brominated flame-retardants, is a representative persistent organic pollutants group. Studies on TBBPA toxicity have been conducted using various target cells; however, few studies have investigated TBBPA toxicity in bone cells. Therefore, this study investigated the in vitro effects of TBBPA on osteoclasts, a cell type involved in bone metabolism. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were cultured in medium containing 50 ng/mL receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and varying concentrations of TBBPA. To evaluate the effects of TBBPA on the differentiation and function of osteoclasts, osteoclast-specific gene expression, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, bone resorbing activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial superoxide were measured. RESULTS: The presence of 20 μM TBBPA significantly increased TRAP activity in RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the bone resorbing activity of osteoclasts, and the gene expression of Akt2, nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1, and chloride channel voltage-sensitive 7. However, TBBPA treatment caused no change in the expression of carbonic anhydrase II, cathepsin K, osteopetrosis-associated transmembrane protein 1, Src, extracellular signal-related kinase, GAB2, c-Fos, or matrix metalloproteinase 9. Furthermore, 20 μM TBBPA caused a significant decrease in MMP and a significant increase in mitochondrial superoxide production. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that TBBPA promotes osteoclast differentiation and activity. The mechanism of TBBPA-stimulated osteoclastogenesis might include increased expression of several genes involved in osteoclast differentiation and reactive oxygen species production.
