Association between Serum Selenium Level and the Presence of Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
- Author:
Juno KIM
1
;
Hye Soo CHUNG
;
Min Kyu CHOI
;
Yong Kyun ROH
;
Hyung Joon YOO
;
Jung Hwan PARK
;
Dong Sun KIM
;
Jae Myung YU
;
Shinje MOON
Author Information
- Publication Type:Meta-Analysis
- Keywords: Antioxidants; Diabetes mellitus; Selenium; Trace elements
- MeSH: Antioxidants; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Epidemiologic Studies; Odds Ratio; Population Characteristics; Prospective Studies; Publication Bias; Selenium; Trace Elements
- From:Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 2019;43(4):447-460
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have suggested an association between selenium (Se) and diabetes mellitus (DM). However, different studies have reported conflicting results. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis to clarify the impact of Se on DM. METHODS: We searched the PubMed database for studies on the association between Se and DM from inception to June 2018. RESULTS: Twenty articles evaluating 47,930 participants were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis found that high levels of Se were significantly associated with the presence of DM (pooled odds ratios [ORs], 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44 to 2.45). However, significant heterogeneity was found (I2 =82%). Subgroup analyses were performed based on the Se measurement methods used in each study. A significant association was found between high Se levels and the presence of DM in the studies that used blood (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.60 to 2.93; I2 =77%), diet (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.36; I2 =0%), and urine (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.17; I2 =0%) as samples to estimate Se levels, but not in studies on nails (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.52 to 2.98; I2 =91%). Because of significant heterogeneity in the studies with blood, we conducted a sensitivity analysis and tested the publication bias. The results were consistent after adjustment based on the sensitivity analysis as well as the trim and fill analysis for publication bias. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrates that high levels of Se are associated with the presence of DM. Further prospective and randomized controlled trials are warranted to elucidate the link better.
