Comparison of the Pain-relieving Effects of Human Milk, Sucrose, and Distilled Water during Examinations for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Controlled Trial
10.4094/chnr.2019.25.3.255
- Author:
Eun Kyung JANG
1
;
Hyejung LEE
;
Keum Sik JO
;
Sung Mi LEE
;
Hyun Jin SEO
;
Eun Joo HUH
Author Information
1. Assistant Director, Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Publication Type:Randomized Controlled Trial
- Keywords:
Analgesia;
Human milk;
Pain;
Retinopathy of prematurity;
Sucrose
- MeSH:
Analgesia;
Gestational Age;
Heart Rate;
Humans;
Infant;
Infant, Newborn;
Infant, Premature;
Milk, Human;
Oxygen;
Pacifiers;
Parturition;
Retinopathy of Prematurity;
Sucrose;
Surgical Instruments;
Water
- From:Child Health Nursing Research
2019;25(3):255-261
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: This study compared the pain-relieving effects of human milk, sucrose, and distilled water during examinations for retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: Forty-five preterm infants were randomly assigned to receive a pacifier dipped in one of three solutions: human milk (n=14), 24% sucrose (n=15), or distilled water (n=16), 2 minutes before an eye examination. Their pain score, pulse rate, and oxygen saturation were measured at three time points: 5 minutes before the examination, 30 seconds after speculum introduction, and 2 minutes after the examination. RESULTS: The infants' mean gestational age and weight at birth were 33.1±2.1 weeks and 1,842±470 g, respectively. There were no between-group differences in pain relief during the eye examination. The pain score significantly increased both during (p<.001) and after the examinations (p=.003). Oxygen saturation decreased during the examinations (p<.001); however, the infants in the 24% sucrose group showed higher oxygen saturation (p=.047) during the examinations than the infants in the other groups. CONCLUSION: Sucking on a pacifier dipped in human milk or 24% sucrose did not reduce the pain associated with eye examinations in preterm infants. Pacifiers dipped in sucrose can be used to maintain better oxygen saturation during these examinations.
