Genetic aspects of type 1 diabetes
10.6065/apem.2019.24.3.143
- Author:
Hae Sang LEE
1
;
Jin Soon HWANG
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Hospital, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea. seaon98@naver.com
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Type 1 diabetes;
GWAS;
Human leukocyte antigen;
Genetic risk score
- MeSH:
Adolescent;
Child;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1;
Genetic Predisposition to Disease;
Genetics;
Genome-Wide Association Study;
Humans;
Insulin;
Leukocytes
- From:Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism
2019;24(3):143-148
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells in genetically predisposed individuals, eventually resulting in severe insulin deficiency. It is the most common form of diabetes in children and adolescents. Genetic susceptibility plays a crucial role in development of T1DM. The human leukocyte antigen complex plays a key role in the pathogenesis of T1DM. Furthermore, genome-wide association studies and linkage analysis have recently made a significant contribution to current knowledge relative to the impact of genetics on T1DM development and progression. This review focuses on current knowledge of genetics as a pathogenesis for T1DM. It also discusses mechanisms by which genes influence the risk of developing T1DM as well as the clinical and research applications of genetic risk scores in T1DM.
