Interactions Between Atopic Dermatitis and Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Clinical Implications
10.4168/aair.2019.11.5.593
- Author:
Jihyun KIM
1
;
Byung Eui KIM
;
Kangmo AHN
;
Donald Y M LEUNG
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kmaped@skku.edu
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
Atopic dermatitis;
Staphylococcus aureus;
microbiome
- MeSH:
Anti-Bacterial Agents;
Antibodies, Monoclonal;
Bacteriophages;
Baths;
Colon;
Cytokines;
Dermatitis, Atopic;
Dysbiosis;
Food Hypersensitivity;
Humans;
Methicillin Resistance;
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus;
Microbiota;
Peptides;
Skin;
Staphylococcus aureus;
Staphylococcus;
Superantigens;
Vaccines;
Virulence Factors
- From:Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
2019;11(5):593-603
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Staphylococcus aureus commonly colonizes the skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and contributes to the development and exacerbation of AD. Multiple factors are associated with colonization of AD skin by S. aureus, including the strength of S. aureus-corneocyte adhesion, deficiency of antimicrobial peptides, decreased levels of filaggrin and filaggrin degradation products, overexpressed Th2/Th17 cytokines, microbial dysbiosis and altered lipid profiles. S. aureus colonization on AD skin causes skin barrier dysfunction through virulence factors such as superantigens (toxins), enzymes and other proteins. Furthermore, colonization of AD skin by S. aureus exacerbates AD and may contribute to microbial dysbiosis, allergen sensitization, Th2/Th17 polarization, development of atopic march and food allergy in AD patients. Skin colonization of S. aureus, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), is one of the major challenges commonly encountered in the management of AD. Bleach bath, and topical or systemic antibiotics could be used to control S. aureus infection on AD skin. However, careful use of antibiotics is required to control the occurence of MRSA. Recently, various strategies, including microbiome transplant, monoclonal antibodies against virulent toxins, vaccines and recombinant phage endolysin, have been studied to control S. aureus infection on AD skin. Further advances in our understanding of S. aureus could provide us with ways to manage S. aureus colonization more effectively in AD patients.
