Immunological Characteristics in Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Undergoing Revision Surgeries
10.4168/aair.2019.11.5.664
- Author:
Gwanghui RYU
1
;
Dong Kyu KIM
;
Hun Jong DHONG
;
Kyoung Mi EUN
;
Kyung Eun LEE
;
Il Gyu KONG
;
HyoYeol KIM
;
Seung Kyu CHUNG
;
Dong Young KIM
;
Chae Seo RHEE
;
Seong Ho CHO
;
Sang Duk HONG
;
Dae Woo KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Nasal polyps;
sinusitis;
refractory;
neutrophil;
Th17 cells;
B cell activating factor
- MeSH:
Anti-Bacterial Agents;
Asthma;
Autoantibodies;
B-Cell Activating Factor;
Bacterial Infections;
Comorbidity;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;
Eosinophil Cationic Protein;
Eosinophilia;
Eosinophils;
Humans;
Immunoglobulin A;
Immunoglobulins;
Interleukin-17;
Interleukins;
Nasal Polyps;
Neutrophils;
Sinusitis;
Th17 Cells;
Up-Regulation
- From:Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
2019;11(5):664-676
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Despite medical and surgical treatments, some cases of nasal polyps (NP) exhibit recidivism. However, the endotype of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with NP (CRSwNP) remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the immunological profile of refractory CRSwNP. METHODS: The control (n =23), primary NP group (pNP, n =70) and refractory NP group (rNP, n =86) were enrolled in this study. Patients who underwent revision surgeries due to failed maximal medical treatment after primary surgery were defined as the rNP group. A total of 18 inflammatory markers were investigated in nasal tissues using multiplex cytokine assay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of rNP included more extensive disease and worse clinical course after surgery. Additionally, rNP subjects showed higher infection rate (mucopurulence and culture-positive rate), more frequent use of antibiotics and suffered from symptomatic bacterial infection, increased asthma morbidity compared to pNP. Cytokine profile analysis showed that levels of Th17-associated mediators (myeloperoxidase, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-17A and IL-23), B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and Th1 cytokine (interferon-γ) were up-regulated in rNP compared to controls and pNP. Human neutrophil elastase-positive cells were also enhanced in rNP compared with pNP. Upregulation of Th17/Th1mediators and BAFF were observed in rNP, regardless of tissue eosinophilia or asthmatic comorbidity. Interestingly, eosinophilic markers, such as eosinophil cationic protein and C-C motif chemokine ligand 24, were up-regulated in asthmatic rNP compared to pNP and controls. Levels of anti-dsDNA immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA were up-regulated in rNP and highest in asthmatic eosinophilic rNP among subtypes of rNP. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that Th17/Th1-associated mediators and BAFF may play a role and be a potential therapeutic target in refractory CRSwNP. Additionally, eosinophilic markers and autoantibodies may contribute to refractoriness in asthmatic rNP.
