Anhedonia and Dysphoria Are Differentially Associated with the Risk of Dementia in the Cognitively Normal Elderly Individuals: A Prospective Cohort Study
- Author:
Ju Ri LEE
1
;
Seung Wan SUH
;
Ji Won HAN
;
Seonjeong BYUN
;
Soon Jai KWON
;
Kyoung Hwan LEE
;
Kyung Phil KWAK
;
Bong Jo KIM
;
Shin Gyeom KIM
;
Jeong Lan KIM
;
Tae Hui KIM
;
Seung Ho RYU
;
Seok Woo MOON
;
Joon Hyuk PARK
;
Dong Woo LEE
;
Jong Chul YOUN
;
Dong Young LEE
;
Seok Bum LEE
;
Jung Jae LEE
;
Jin Hyeong JHOO
;
Ki Woong KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Anhedonia; Dysphoria; Depression; Dementia
- MeSH: Aged; Anhedonia; Apolipoproteins; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Aging; Cohort Studies; Dementia; Depression; Education; Follow-Up Studies; Genotype; Humans; Logistic Models; Longitudinal Studies; Mild Cognitive Impairment; Neuropsychological Tests; Pleasure; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors
- From:Psychiatry Investigation 2019;16(8):575-580
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We investigated the impact of depressed mood (dysphoria) and loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)on the risk of dementia in cognitively-normal elderly individuals. METHODS: This study included 2,685 cognitively-normal elderly individuals who completed the baseline and 4-year follow-up assessments of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia. We ascertained the presence of dysphoria and anhedonia using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory. We defined subjective cognitive decline as the presence of subjective cognitive complaints without objective cognitive impairments. We analyzed the association of dysphoria and anhedonia with the risk of cognitive disorders using multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, education, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale score, Apolipoprotein E genotype, and neuropsychological test performance. RESULTS: During the 4-year follow-up period, anhedonia was associated with an approximately twofold higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.20–3.64, p=0.008) and fivefold higher risk of dementia (OR=5.07, 95% CI=1.44–17.92, p=0.012) but was not associated with the risk of subjective cognitive decline. In contrast, dysphoria was associated with an approximately twofold higher risk of subjective cognitive decline (OR=2.06, 95% CI=1.33–3.19, p=0.001) and 1.7-fold higher risk of mild cognitive impairment (OR=1.75, 95% CI=1.00–3.05, p=0.048) but was not associated with the risk of dementia. CONCLUSION: Anhedonia, but not dysphoria, is a risk factor of dementia in cognitively-normal elderly individuals.
