Cytological endometritis in dairy cows: diagnostic threshold, risk factors, and impact on reproductive performance
10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.301
- Author:
Soo Chan LEE
1
;
Jae Kwan JEONG
;
In Soo CHOI
;
Hyun Gu KANG
;
Young Hun JUNG
;
Soo Bong PARK
;
Ill Hwa KIM
Author Information
1. Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea. illhwa@cbu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
cytological endometritis;
dairy cow;
polymorphonuclear leukocyte;
reproductive performance;
risk factors
- MeSH:
Agriculture;
Diagnosis;
Endometritis;
Female;
Fertilization;
Insemination;
Neutrophils;
Periodicity;
Placenta, Retained;
Postpartum Period;
Risk Factors;
Sensitivity and Specificity
- From:Journal of Veterinary Science
2018;19(2):301-308
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
We determined the threshold proportion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) for a diagnosis of cytological endometritis (CEM), the risk factors for this condition, and its impact on reproductive performance in dairy cows. Uterine cytology was performed on 407 Holstein cows 4 weeks postpartum to determine the proportions of endometrial cells and PMNs. A receiver operator characteristics curve was used to determine the threshold above which the PMN proportion affected the likelihood of cows conceiving by 200 days postpartum. The optimal threshold was ≥ 14% PMN (sensitivity, 31.3%; specificity, 81.7%; p < 0.05). The farm identity, retained placenta (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87), and septicemic metritis (OR = 3.07) were risk factors for CEM (p < 0.05). Cows with CEM were less likely to resume cyclicity (OR = 0.58) and to conceive by 200 days postpartum (hazard ratio = 0.58). Cows with CEM tended (p < 0.1) to be less likely to become pregnant after their first insemination (OR = 0.65) and to require a greater number of inseminations per conception (2.3 vs. 2.2). In conclusion, a PMN threshold of 14% defined the presence of CEM at 4 weeks postpartum. The farm, retained placenta, and septicemic metritis were risk factors for CEM, which reduces subsequent reproductive performance.
