METHODS: Two hundred and three cases(405 eyes)of hyperopia were included in this study, who were diagnosed in Northwest Women and Children Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018.According to different mean spherical equivalent(SE)diopter, the children were divided into mild hyperopia, moderate hyperopia and high hyperopia groups though the retinoscopy after cycloplegia. Anterior chamber depth(ACD), lens thickness(LT), vitreous depth(VITR)and axial length(AL)were measured by A-scan. The value of K1, K2 were got by computer refractor. And analyze the relationship between ocular biometric parameters and refractive.

RESULTS: The mean anterior chamber depth for hyperopia preschool children was 3.08±0.38mm, the lens thickness was 3.91±0.34mm, the vitreous depth was 14.53±1.85mm, the axial length was 21.45±1.01mm and the average cornea K was 43.34±1.70D; There were statistically significant differences in AL and VITR among the three hyperopia groups(P<0.05). There were statistically significant difference in LT between low hyperopia and moderate hyperopia, moderate hyperopia and high hyperopia(P<0.05). There were statistically significant difference in ACD between low hyperopia and moderate hyperopia(P<0.05). No difference in K was found across the three groups(P>0.05); SE was negatively correlated with AL and ACD(P<0.01), but had no correlation with ACD, LT and K(P >0.05).

CONCLUSION: The change of AL plays an important role affecting the refractive state of preschoolers with hyperopia ametropia, which is manifested as higher the hyperopia diopter, the shorter AL and the shallower vitreous cavity, which are co-involved in the change of refractive state, while the hyperopic degree had no correlation with ACD, LT and K. The axial refractive error is the main refractive error in preschoolers.