Antifungal and antibiofilm activity of Persian shallot (Allium stipitatum Regel.) against clinically significant Candida spp.

Arunkumar Karunanidhi; Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-rad; Jayakayatri Jeevajothi Nathan; Fazlin Mohd Fauzi; Leslie Thian Lung Than; Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika; Rukman Awang Hamat; Vasanthakumari Neela

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Antifungal and antibiofilm activity of Persian shallot (Allium stipitatum Regel.) against clinically significant Candida spp.

Author: Arunkumar Karunanidhi ¹ ; Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad ² ; Jayakayatri Jeevajothi Nathan ^{3
,

4
,

5} ; Fazlin Mohd Fauzi ⁶ ; Leslie Thian Lung Than ¹ ; Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika ⁷ ; Rukman Awang Hamat ¹ ; Vasanthakumari Neela ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Basij Square, Arak 38481-7-6941, Iran
3. School of Medicine, Taylor&rsquo
4. s University, Lakeside Campus, No. 1, Jalan Taylor&rsquo
5. s, 47500 Subang Jaya, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
6. Department of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
7. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, No. 126, Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Publication Type:Journal Article
From:Tropical Biomedicine 2018;35(3):815-825
CountryMalaysia
Language:English
Abstract: Candida species are the most common cause of fungal infections that range from non-life-threatening mucocutaneous illness to life-threatening invasive processes that may involve virtually any organ. Such a broad range of infections requires an equally broad range of therapeutic approach. Persian shallot (Allium stipitatum Regel.) is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in tradition Persian medicine for various ailments. Allium stipitatum is also used in modern medicine and has been reported to have a range of health benefits including antibiotic (antifungal) properties. The present study assessed the in vitro anticandidal and antibiofilm potential of hexane (ASHE) and dichloromethane (ASDE) extracts of Allium stipitatum (Persian shallot) against planktonic and biofilm forms of 5 medically important Candida spp. Antifungal activity was assessed by disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and time-kill assay. The antibiofilm activity of ASHE and ASDE against reference strain C. albicans ATCC 14053 was determined by XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] reduction assay. The zone of inhibition ranged from 22 to 40 mm, while the MICs ranged from 8 to 32 μg mL-1. The MFCs of ASHE and ASDE were in the range of 16 to 32 μg mL-1 each respectively. Time-kill kinetics showed that both extracts were strongly fungicidal against planktonic cultures of C. albicans with ~ 1.45 log reduction in CFU at 4 h post-treatment (hpt). In addition, both ASHE and ASDE were shown to inhibit preformed C. albicans biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. The results demonstrated that ASHE and ASDE were broad-spectrum in action, and could be developed as a promising alternative to synthetic antifungals in controlling infections due to Candida spp. of clinical significance.
Full text:8.2018my0954.pdf