Estragole Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity with the Regulation of NF-κB and Nrf-2 Signaling Pathways in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells
10.20307/nps.2018.24.1.13
- Author:
Anupom ROY
1
;
Hee Juhn PARK
;
Hyun Ah JUNG
;
Jae Sue CHOI
Author Information
1. Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea. choijs@pknu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Essential oils;
Estragole;
Anti-inflammation;
Nrf-2;
HO-1;
RAW 264.7 cells
- MeSH:
Down-Regulation;
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases;
NF-kappa B;
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II;
Oils, Volatile;
Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases;
RAW 264.7 Cells;
Transcription Factors;
Up-Regulation
- From:Natural Product Sciences
2018;24(1):13-20
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Estragole is a naturally occurring phenylpropanoid obtained from essential oils found in a broad diversity of plants. Although the phenylpropanoids show many biological activities, clear regulation of the inflammatory signaling pathways has not yet been determined. Here, we scrutinized the anti-inflammatory effect of estragole. The anti-inflammatory effect of estragole was determined through the inhibitory mechanisms of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways and the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Estragole significantly inhibited NO production, iNOS and COX-2 expression as well as LPS-induced NF-κB and MAPK activation. Furthermore, estragole suppressed LPS-induced intracellular ROS production but up-regulated the stress response gene HO-1 via the activation of transcription factor Nrf-2. These findings demonstrate that estragole inhibits the LPS-induced expression of inflammatory mediators via the down-regulation of iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways, as well as the up-regulation of the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, indicating that this phenylpropanoid has potential therapeutic and preventive applications in various inflammatory diseases.