Effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors on Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author:
Jae Hyun BAE
1
;
Sunhee KIM
;
Eun Gee PARK
;
Sin Gon KIM
;
Seokyung HAHN
;
Nam Hoon KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Meta-Analysis
- Keywords: Albuminuria; Diabetes complications; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Diabetic nephropathies; Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors; Glomerular filtration rate; Kidney failure, chronic; Meta-analysis; Systematic review
- MeSH: Albuminuria; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kidney Failure, Chronic
- From:Endocrinology and Metabolism 2019;34(1):80-92
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of DPP-4 inhibitors from inception to September 2017. We selected eligible RCTs comparing DPP-4 inhibitors with placebo or other antidiabetic agents and reporting at least one renal outcome. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate standardized mean differences, weighted mean differences (WMDs), relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each renal outcome. RESULTS: We included 23 RCTs with 19 publications involving 41,359 patients. Overall changes in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio were comparable between DPP-4 inhibitors and controls (P=0.150). However, DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with significantly lower risk of incident microalbuminuria (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.98; P=0.022) and macroalbuminuria (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.97; P=0.027), as well as higher rates of regression of albuminuria (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.35; P<0.001) compared with controls. Although DPP-4 inhibitors were associated with small but significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (WMD, −1.11 mL/min/1.73 m2; 95% CI, −1.78 to −0.44; P=0.001), there was no difference in the risk of end-stage renal disease between two groups (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.14; P=0.475). CONCLUSION: DPP-4 inhibitors had beneficial renal effects mainly by reducing the risk of development or progression of albuminuria compared with placebo or other antidiabetic agents.
