BACKGROUND: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is closely associated with several major risk factors including many that can be modified or eliminated. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking and obesity are among these. Early identification of these risk factors gives the physician opportunities for primary and secondary prevention of CAD.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the practice of physicians with regards identification and management of risk factors of patients with CAD at the Makati Medical Center.
METHODOLOGY: Two hundred and one (201) patients admitted at the Makati Medical Center from July 2001 up to December 2001 with symptomatic or objective evidence of myocardial ischemia during treadmill exercise and angiographic findings of CAD were assessed. Identification and management of the different risk factors by the physicians were reviewed.
RESULTS: Of the 201 patients 167 (83 percent) were male, 65 (32 percent) were over 65 years old and 7 (3 percent) had strong family history of CAD. One hundred twenty seven (63 percent) had hypertension, 77 (38 percent) had diabetes mellitus, 96 (47 percent) had dyslipidemia, 113 (63 percent) were obese and 103 (51 percent) were smokers. Active management was done for the hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Only 39 percent of the smokers were off the habit for more than a year and only 19 percent of the obese received counseling for weight loss and exercise.
CONCLUSION: All patients identified with hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus were placed on appropriate diet and medications, patients with smoking problems and obesity were less consistently managed with smoking cessation approaches and weight losing manipulation through diet and exercise.