Light chain multiple myeloma: an evaluation of its biochemical investigations
- Author:
Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham
1
;
Subashini C. THAMBIAH
;
Intan Nureslyna SAMSUDIN
;
Say Min LIM
Author Information
1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia
- Publication Type:Case Report
- Keywords:
light chain multiple myeloma;
diagnosis;
prognosis;
biochemical investigations
- From:The Malaysian Journal of Pathology
2017;39(3):311-315
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Multiple myeloma is a type of plasma cell dyscrasia, characterised by presence of paraprotein ormonoclonal (M)-protein in serum or urine. The M-protein may consist of an intact immunoglobulin,the heavy chain only or the light chain only. The latter, designated as light chain multiplemyeloma (LCMM) makes up almost 20% of myelomas. Clinical manifestation is often heraldedby hypercalcaemia, renal impairment, normocytic normochromic anaemia and bone lesions,reflecting end-organ damage, collectively known as the acronym CRAB. In particular, free lightchain nephrotoxicity accounts for the high prevalence of renal impairment seen in LCMM. Thiscase illustrates a typical presentation of LCMM with focal discussion on its initial and diagnostic,as well as prognostic biochemical investigations.
