Insecticidal Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Culture Filtrates of Mangrove Fungal Endophytes.
10.5941/MYCO.2015.43.2.137
- Author:
Silva ABRAHAM
1
;
Adi BASUKRIADI
;
Suyanto PAWIROHARSONO
;
Wellyzar SJAMSURIDZAL
Author Information
1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia. sjwelly@hotmail.com
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Artemia salina;
Ethyl acetate extracts;
Insecticidal activity;
Mangrove fungal endophytes;
Spodoptera litura
- MeSH:
Acetylcholinesterase;
Artemia;
Aspergillus oryzae;
Chromatography, Liquid;
Complex Mixtures;
DNA, Ribosomal;
Emericella;
Endophytes*;
Larva;
Mortality;
Neurotoxins;
Physostigmine;
Rhizophoraceae;
Spodoptera;
Statistics as Topic;
Toxicity Tests
- From:Mycobiology
2015;43(2):137-149
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
In the search for novel potent fungi-derived bioactive compounds for bioinsecticide applications, crude ethyl acetate culture filtrate extracts from 110 mangrove fungal endophytes were screened for their toxicity. Toxicity tests of all extracts against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae were performed. The extracts with the highest toxicity were further examined for insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura larvae and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity. The results showed that the extracts of five isolates exhibited the highest toxicity to brine shrimp at 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values of 7.45 to 10.24 ppm. These five fungal isolates that obtained from Rhizophora mucronata were identified based on sequence data analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA as Aspergillus oryzae (strain BPPTCC 6036), Emericella nidulans (strains BPPTCC 6035 and BPPTCC 6038), A. tamarii (strain BPPTCC 6037), and A. versicolor (strain BPPTCC 6039). The mean percentage of S. litura larval mortality following topical application of the five extracts ranged from 16.7% to 43.3%. In the AChE inhibition assay, the inhibition rates of the five extracts ranged from 40.7% to 48.9%, while eserine (positive control) had an inhibition rate of 96.8%, at a concentration of 100 ppm. The extracts used were crude extracts, so their potential as sources of AChE inhibition compounds makes them likely candidates as neurotoxins. The high-performance liquid chromatography profiles of the five extracts differed, indicating variations in their chemical constituents. This study highlights the potential of culture filtrate ethyl acetate extracts of mangrove fungal endophytes as a source of new potential bioactive compounds for bioinsecticide applications.
