A Case of Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis associated with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection.
10.26815/jkcns.2018.26.1.70
- Author:
Yunha CHOI
1
;
Jeongho LEE
;
Eun Sook SUH
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea. essuh@schmc.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Case Report
- Keywords:
Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM);
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- MeSH:
Ataxia;
Brain;
Cerebrospinal Fluid;
Child;
DNA;
Early Diagnosis;
Emergency Service, Hospital;
Encephalitis;
Extremities;
Humans;
Immunoglobulin M;
Leukocytosis;
Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic*;
Lower Extremity;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging;
Male;
Mycoplasma pneumoniae*;
Mycoplasma*;
Neck;
Necrosis;
Neutrophils;
Pneumonia;
Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*;
Reflex, Babinski;
Reflex, Stretch;
White Matter
- From:
Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
2018;26(1):70-73
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM) is a severe form of encephalitis characterized by fulminant clinical course and presence of hemorrhagic necrosis of the white matter. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) have severe central nervous syndrome complication with encephalitis as that most common pediatric manifestations, but have been extremely rare report with AHME. A 10-year-old boy was referred to emergency room because of drowsy mental status, weakness of left side extremities and truncal ataxia. His deep tendon reflexes were hyperactive, neck stiffness sign and Babinski sign were both positive. Motor power were decreased on the both left upper and lower extremities. The sequences of T2-weighted and gradient recalled echo (GRE) showed hyper-intense lesions on multifocal white natter areas with hemorrhagic signal. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed the pleocytosis with neutrophil dominant. The results of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) test and culture of M. pneumoniae were reported negative in CSF, but immunoglobulin M (IgM) was positive in blood. He received intravenous high dose corticosteroid and macrolide. After discharge, his neurologic function gradually returned to normal including sitting and standing without support. We reported the previously healthy boy with M. pneumonia related AHEM. The early diagnosis with brain MRI and the aggressive immunosuppressive treatment may be beneficial for recovery.
