The neuroprotective mechanism of ampicillin in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia.
10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.2.185
- Author:
Kyung Eon LEE
1
;
Kyung Ok CHO
;
Yun Sik CHOI
;
Seong Yun KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea. syk@catholic.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Ampicillin;
Dihydrokainic acid;
Glutamate transporter-1;
Matrix metalloproteinase;
Transient global forebrain ischemia
- MeSH:
Ampicillin*;
Animals;
Astrocytes;
Brain Injuries;
Carotid Artery, Common;
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein;
Glutamic Acid;
Halothane;
Hippocampus;
Humans;
Ischemia*;
Lectins;
Male;
Matrix Metalloproteinases;
Mice*;
Microglia;
Neurons;
Neuroprotective Agents;
Penicillin G;
Prosencephalon*
- From:The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
2016;20(2):185-192
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Ampicillin, a beta-lactam antibiotic, dose-dependently protects neurons against ischemic brain injury. The present study was performed to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of ampicillin in a mouse model of transient global forebrain ischemia. Male C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 40 min. Before transient forebrain ischemia, ampicillin (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) or penicillin G (6,000 U/kg or 20,000 U/kg, i.p.) was administered daily for 5 days. The pretreatment with ampicillin but not with penicillin G signifi cantly attenuated neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 subfield. Mechanistically, the increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) following forebrain ischemia was also attenuated by ampicillin treatment. In addition, the ampicillin treatment reversed increased immunoreactivities to glial fibrillary acidic protein and isolectin B4, markers of astrocytes and microglia, respectively. Furthermore, the ampicillin treatment significantly increased the level of glutamate transporter-1, and dihydrokainic acid (DHK, 10 mg/kg, i.p.), an inhibitor of glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1), reversed the neuroprotective effect of ampicillin. Taken together, these data indicate that ampicillin provides neuroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion brain injury, possibly through inducing the GLT-1 protein and inhibiting the activity of MMP in the mouse hippocampus.
