Ethanol Elicits Inhibitory Effect on the Growth and Proliferation of Tongue Carcinoma Cells by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest.
10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.3.153
- Author:
Thanh Do LE
1
;
Thi Anh Thu DO
;
Rina YU
;
Hoon YOO
Author Information
1. Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea. hoon_yoo@chosun.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Cell cycle arrest;
Cell growth;
Ethanol;
Tongue carcinoma cell
- MeSH:
Apoptosis;
Blotting, Western;
Caspase 3;
Cell Cycle;
Cell Cycle Checkpoints;
Cell Death;
Cyclin A;
Cyclin B1;
Cyclins;
Ethanol;
Flow Cytometry;
Negotiating;
Tongue
- From:The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
2012;16(3):153-158
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Cellular effects of ethanol in YD-15 tongue carcinoma cells were assessed by MTT assay, caspase activity assay, Western blotting and flow cytometry. Ethanol inhibited the growth and proliferation of YD-15 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner in an MTT assay. The effects of ethanol on cell cycle control at low percent range of ethanol concentration (0 to 1.5%), the condition not inducing YD-15 cell death, was investigated after exposing cells to alcohol for a certain period of time. Western blotting on the expression of cell cycle inhibitors showed that p21 and p27 was up-regulated as ethanol concentration increases from 0 to 1.5% whilst the cell cycle regulators, cdk1, cdk2, and cdk4 as well as Cyclin A, Cyclin B1 and Cyclin E1, were gradually down-regulated. Flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle distribution revealed that YD-15 cells exposed to 1.5% ethanol for 24 h was mainly arrested at G2/M phase. However, ethanol induced apoptosis in YD-15 cells exposed to 2.5% or higher percent of ethanol. The cleaved PARP, a marker of caspase-3 mediated apoptosis, and the activation of caspase-3 and -7 were detected by caspase activity assay or Western blotting. Our results suggest that ethanol elicits inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of YD-15 tongue carcinoma cells by mediating cell cycle arrest at G2/M at low concentration range and ultimately induces apoptosis under the condition of high concentration.
