Double-stranded RNA Induces Inflammatory Gene Expression in Schwann Cells: Implication in the Wallerian Degeneration.
- Author:
Hyunkyoung LEE
1
;
Chanhee PARK
;
Se Young CHOI
;
Seog Bae OH
;
Kyungpyo PARK
;
Joong Soo KIM
;
Sung Joong LEE
Author Information
1. Dental Research Institute, Department of Physiology and Craniomaxillofacial Structure/Function Biology Major, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea. sjlee87@snu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Schwann cells;
Toll-like receptor;
iNOS;
RANTES;
TNF-alpha;
iSC
- MeSH:
Animals;
Axons;
Cell Death;
Cell Line;
Chemokine CCL5;
Cytoplasm;
Gene Expression*;
Ligands;
Myelin Sheath;
Nerve Growth Factors;
Neurons;
Nitric Oxide;
Peripheral Nerve Injuries;
Peripheral Nerves;
Phagocytosis;
Rats;
Regeneration;
RNA, Double-Stranded*;
Schwann Cells*;
Toll-Like Receptors;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha;
Wallerian Degeneration*
- From:The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
2004;8(5):253-257
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Schwann cells play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. Upon neuronal injury, activated Schwann cells clean up the myelin debris by phagocytosis, and promote neuronal survival and axon outgrowth by secreting various neurotrophic factors. However, it is unclear how the nerve injury induces Schwann cell activation. Recently, it was reported that certain cytoplasmic molecules, which are secreted by cells undergoing necrotic cell death, induce immune cell activation via the toll-like receptors (TLRs). This suggests that the TLRs expressed on Schwann cells may recognize nerve damage by binding to the endogenous ligands secreted by the damaged nerve, thereby inducing Schwann cell activation. Accordingly, this study was undertaken to examine the expression and the function of the TLRs on primary Schwann cells and iSC, a rat Schwann cell line. The transcripts of TLR2, 3, 4, and 9 were detected on the primary Schwann cells as well as on iSC. The stimulation of iSC with poly (I: C), a synthetic ligand for the TLR3, induced the expression of TNF-alpha and RANTES. In addition, poly (I: C) stimulation induced the iNOS expression and nitric oxide secretion in iSC. These results suggest that the TLRs may be involved in the inflammatory activation of Schwann cells, which is observed during Wallerian degeneration after a peripheral nerve injury.
