Functional Connections of the Vestibulo-spino-adrenal Axis in the Control of Blood Pressure Via the Vestibulosympathetic Reflex in Conscious Rats.
10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.5.427
- Author:
Huan Jun LU
1
;
Mei Han LI
;
Mei Zhi LI
;
Sang Eon PARK
;
Min Sun KIM
;
Yuan Zhe JIN
;
Byung Rim PARK
Author Information
1. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yanbian University College of Medicine and Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules at Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China. y-z-jin@ybu.edu.cn
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
c-Fos protein;
Epinephrine;
Glutamate;
Intermediolateral cell column;
Vestibulo-spino-adrenal axis;
Vestibulosympathetic reflex
- MeSH:
Animals;
Axis, Cervical Vertebra*;
Blood Pressure*;
Denervation;
Epinephrine;
Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists;
Glutamic Acid;
Hypotension;
Immunoenzyme Techniques;
Microinjections;
Neurons;
Nitroprusside;
Rats*;
Receptors, Glutamate;
Reflex*;
Vestibular Nuclei;
Natural Resources
- From:The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
2015;19(5):427-434
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Significant evidence supports the role of the vestibular system in the regulation of blood pressure during postural movements. In the present study, the role of the vestibulo-spino-adrenal (VSA) axis in the modulation of blood pressure via the vestibulosympathetic reflex was clarified by immunohistochemical and enzyme immunoassay methods in conscious rats with sinoaortic denervation. Expression of c-Fos protein in the intermediolateral cell column of the middle thoracic spinal regions and blood epinephrine levels were investigated, following microinjection of glutamate receptor agonists or antagonists into the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and/or sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced hypotension. Both microinjection of glutamate receptor agonists (NMDA and AMPA) into the MVN or rostral ventrolateral medullary nucleus (RVLM) and SNP-induced hypotension led to increased number of c-Fos positive neurons in the intermediolateral cell column of the middle thoracic spinal regions and increased blood epinephrine levels. Pretreatment with microinjection of glutamate receptor antagonists (MK-801 and CNQX) into the MVN or RVLM prevented the increased number of c-Fos positive neurons resulting from SNP-induced hypotension, and reversed the increased blood epinephrine levels. These results indicate that the VSA axis may be a key component of the pathway used by the vestibulosympathetic reflex to maintain blood pressure during postural movements.
