Implantable Neural Probes for Brain-Machine Interfaces – Current Developments and Future Prospects.
- Author:
Jong ryul CHOI
1
;
Seong Min KIM
;
Rae Hyung RYU
;
Sung Phil KIM
;
Jeong woo SOHN
Author Information
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords: Implantable neural probes; Brain-machine interface; Multi-channel electrodes; Neural probes with advanced materials
- MeSH: Brain; Brain-Computer Interfaces*; Electroencephalography; Freedom; Michigan; Utah
- From:Experimental Neurobiology 2018;27(6):453-471
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: A Brain-Machine interface (BMI) allows for direct communication between the brain and machines. Neural probes for recording neural signals are among the essential components of a BMI system. In this report, we review research regarding implantable neural probes and their applications to BMIs. We first discuss conventional neural probes such as the tetrode, Utah array, Michigan probe, and electroencephalography (ECoG), following which we cover advancements in next-generation neural probes. These next-generation probes are associated with improvements in electrical properties, mechanical durability, biocompatibility, and offer a high degree of freedom in practical settings. Specifically, we focus on three key topics: (1) novel implantable neural probes that decrease the level of invasiveness without sacrificing performance, (2) multi-modal neural probes that measure both electrical and optical signals, (3) and neural probes developed using advanced materials. Because safety and precision are critical for practical applications of BMI systems, future studies should aim to enhance these properties when developing next-generation neural probes.
