Evaluation of the Interventional Approaches in the Management of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Jazan: An Observational Study.
- Author:
Hafiz A MAKEEN
1
;
Mohammed A BURAIK
;
Santhosh Joseph MENACHERY
;
Khalid M ALATTAS
;
Abdulkarim M MERAYA
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Intralesional injections; Itraconazole; Leishmania major; Leishmania tropica
- MeSH: Antimony Sodium Gluconate; Consensus; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dermatology; Hospital Records; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Itraconazole; Leishmania major; Leishmania tropica; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous*; Male; Observational Study*; Public Health; Retrospective Studies; Saudi Arabia
- From:Annals of Dermatology 2018;30(5):575-580
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a tropical infection of public health importance. Numerous treatment approaches are in practice with variable degree of success however its management has no universal consensus or practice guidelines to follow. OBJECTIVE: Analyze the management of cutaneous leishmaniasis retrospectively at a central hospital of Jazan Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to identify the current treatment pattern and compare the outcomes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the hospital records of patients who attended the dermatology clinic for cutaneous leishmaniasis during the year 2012 to 2015. RESULTS: Forty three patients were included in the study. There was a male preponderance (65.1%) among the patients and 60.5% of them were of pediatric age group. Monotherapy was the initial choice for 58.1% of the patients. Intralesional sodium stibogluconate (SS-IL) was the most preferred treatment for initial therapy, as monotherapy and as part of combination therapy. A complete response was achieved in 22 patients (51.2%) with initial therapy. Among the different treatment groups, SS-IL+itraconazole showed significantly higher complete response rate compared to other treatments offered as initial therapy (p<0.01). Initial SS-IL monotherapy provided complete response in 41.2% patients receiving it, while itraconazole monotherapy provided complete response in 75% and 90.9% of the patients receiving initial itraconazole+SS-IL combination therapy with achieved complete response. CONCLUSION: The findings and observations suggest that initial combination therapy with SS-IL+itraconazole significantly improved the complete response rates and thus reduced the need for additional or prolonged therapies.
