Clinical Relevance of Hyperleukocytosis in Patients with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.
- Author:
Myoung Jong CHAE
1
;
Deok CHO
;
Jong Hee SHIN
;
Soon Pal SUH
;
Dong Wook RYANG
Author Information
1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. dwryang@chonnam.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Acute myelogenous leukemia;
Hyperleukocytosis
- MeSH:
Adult;
Bone Marrow;
Cytogenetics;
Disease-Free Survival;
HLA-DR Antigens;
Humans;
Immunophenotyping;
Jeollanam-do;
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*;
Rare Diseases
- From:The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine
2003;23(1):1-5
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Hyperleukocytic acute myelogenous leukemia (H-AML) is a relatively rare disease found in adults and it should have different characteristics from those of non-hyperleukocytic acute myelogenous leukemia (non-H-AML). We analyzed adult patients with H-AML whose peripheral WBC count was over 100, 000/ L, and compared laboratory and clinical findings of H-AML with those of non-H-AML cases. METHODS: This study included 19 patients with H-AML who were diagnosed between July 1994 and February 2001 at Chonnam University Hospital. The laboratory data, including peripheral blood smear, bone marrow study, immunophenotyping and cytogenetic study, were reviewed and the clinical out-comes of the patients were assessed. The results were compared with those of 127 non-H-AML cases. RESULTS: Of all adult AML cases, 13.1% (19/146) were H-AML. In H-AML, the subtypes were in the order of M5 (36.8%), M4 (21.1%) and M2 (21.1%), while in non-H-AML were in the order of M2 (40.9%), M3 (28.3%) and M4 (11.0%), respectively. HLA-DR and CD14 were more frequent in H-AML than in non-H-AML (83.3% vs. 47.2%, P=0.005; and 23.5% vs. 56.4%, P=0.042; respectively). H-AML had a tendency for low complete remission and short overall survival. Disease-free survival of H-AML was significantly shorter than that for the non-H-AML (6.0 vs 22.1 months, P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: It suggests that hyperleukocytosis could be a predictor of unfavorable clinical out-comes and survival in acute myelogenous leukemia.
