Protective roles of Vigna subterranea (Bambara nut) in rats with aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury.

Morufu Eyitayo Balogun; Elizabeth Enohnyaket Besong; Jacinta Nkechi Obimma; Ogochukwu Sophia Mbamalu; Fankou Serges Athanase Djobissie

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Protective roles of Vigna subterranea (Bambara nut) in rats with aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury.

Author: Morufu Eyitayo BALOGUN ¹ ; Elizabeth Enohnyaket BESONG ² ; Jacinta Nkechi OBIMMA ² ; Ogochukwu Sophia MBAMALU ^{3
,

4} ; Fankou Serges Athanase DJOBISSIE ²
Author Information

1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki 480214, Nigeria. Electronic address: marufbalogun@yahoo.com.
2. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki 480214, Nigeria.
3. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki 480214, Nigeria
4. Clinical Services Department, National Obstetrics Fistula Centre, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki 480214, Nigeria.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Anti-oxidative; Aspirin plus pylorus ligation; Gastric ulcers; Rats; Vigna subterranea
MeSH: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; pharmacology; therapeutic use; Antioxidants; pharmacology; therapeutic use; Aspirin; Edema; Gastric Mucosa; drug effects; metabolism; pathology; Gastrointestinal Agents; pharmacology; therapeutic use; Glutathione Peroxidase; metabolism; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Leukocytes; Male; Malondialdehyde; metabolism; Mucus; metabolism; Nuts; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; pharmacology; therapeutic use; Rats, Wistar; Severity of Illness Index; Stomach Ulcer; chemically induced; drug therapy; metabolism; prevention & control; Superoxide Dismutase; metabolism; Vigna
From: Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018;16(5):342-349
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
OBJECTIVEVigna subterranea is widely consumed as a traditional staple food in Nigeria and some West African countries. The ethanolic seed extract of V. subterranea (EEVS) was investigated for its gastroprotective effects on aspirin plus pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcerated rats using an in vivo assay.
METHODSGastric mucosal ulceration was induced experimentally in Groups 2 to 5 using aspirin plus pylorus ligation. Rats in Group 1 were orally pretreated with 3% Tween 80 only as normal control. Groups 2 to 5 were pretreated with 3% Tween 80 (ulcer group), 20 mg/kg of omeprazole (positive group), and 200 and 400 mg/kg of EEVS (experimental groups), respectively, once daily for 21 days before ulcer induction. Parameters including those for gastric secretions, ulcerated areas and gastric wall histology were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the gastric tissue homogenate were also determined.
RESULTSPretreatment with EEVS significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the ulcer index, gastric volume and total acidity in rats with aspirin plus pylorus ligation-induced ulcer. The pH and mucus of gastric content increased significantly (P < 0.05) while the levels of SOD and GP were observed to be elevated with a reduced amount of MDA. Significant severe gastric mucosal injury was exhibited in the ulcer group and EEVS or omeprazole offered significant (P < 0.05) protection against mucosal ulceration. Histologically, the gastric submucosal layer showed remarkable decrease in edema and leucocytes infiltration compared with ulcer group.
CONCLUSIONThe study suggests that EEVS offered a protective action against aspirin plus pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcers in Wistar rats. The protective effect might be mediated via antisecretory, cytoprotective and antioxidative mechanisms.